Vortical Structure of Light and Space: Biological Implications

Vladimir B Ginzburg published 5 books on the vortical structure of space and electromagnetic fields, tracing the repeating cycles as such models went in and out of vogue over the centuries. James Clerk Maxwell and his friend, Michael Faraday supported a vortex theory of electromagnetism with potential fields as the centerpiece. In his final classic paper on the electromagnetic field Maxwell left out vortex models, and used 20 quaternion equations. Two years after Maxwell’s early death (he was only 48 years old), Oliver Heaviside replaced the quaternions with vector algebra, and eliminated the potential fields as “arbitrary” and unnecessary. 

By the end of the 1800’s the Maxwell equations had been reduced from the original 20 to the 4 we find in physics texts today. Deleting the potentials deprived physics, biology and medicine of important theoretical tools for nearly a century. For biology and medicine the forgotten potentials have important implications for regulatory physiology. The standard model of signal molecules randomly diffusing through the body fluids and interacting with distant receptors according to a lock-and-key model is seriously deficient and outdated. Evidence accumulates for a biophotonic model involving electromagnetic resonance between vibrating signal molecules and their targets. Read more>>>>>>>>>>>

Harmonic Dynamics of a-D-Lactose in the Crystalline State

In recent years, certain advances have been made in developing software for modeling IR spectra of compounds with the use of the structure-property database. In this work, the object under study is lactose; this latter occupies a position in sugar metabolic bio processus. To study the chemical structures and physical properties of this kind of carbohydrates, various methods including vibrational spectroscopy have been used  for which a full and reliable interpretation of the observed spectra requires a theoretical analysis.

In this field, a number of theoretical works have been devoted to the calculation of normal modes of vibrations of monosacharides like fucose, fructose or methyl-galactopyranoside[2and disaccharides like turanose and melibiose. To complete the series of papers dealing with normal mode analyses of disaccharides in their crystalline environment, we have chosen to study a lactose molecule, the last is constituted by aα-(D)glucopyranose linked to β-(D) galactopyranose units. Besides vibrational data reproduction, theoretical calculations also provide an approach to the bands assignments. Read more>>>>>>>>>>>

Speeding up the Analysis of Neuron Morphology using Parallel Processing

Automated image analysis is used by pharmaceutical companies to measure changes in cell morphology, both rapidly and accurately. The field itself, dubbed High Content Analysis (HCA) is emerging as one of the fastest growing sectors in drug discovery and development. It represents the convergence between cell-based assays, high-resolution imaging, and advanced quantitative image analysis. There is no hard dividing line between High Content Screening (HCS) and HCA though the former is generally higher-throughput while the latter has an emphasis on gaining the maximum information from an assay, typically based on images. 

HCS systems achieve high throughput by rapidly capturing and processing data from entire micro-well plates. Each well in these plates contains cells or biochemical samples, which have been labeled to detect the changes induced by perturbations, such as addition of a candidate drug compound or a gene knockout. The images can be very dense, with hundreds of cells and complex cell morphology. It may take several hours or even days to process the images generated from a single experiment, which may be unacceptable in practice. The ideal image processing time lies within the same time frame as the image capturing.  Read more>>>>>>>>>>>>

Correlation between Lanczos Method and Exact Diagonalisation Method in the Study of Highly Correlated Electrons System

The Hubbard model is an approximate model used to describe the transition between conducting and insulating systems. The Hubbard model, named after John Hubbard 1963, is the simplest model of interacting particles in lattices, with the only two tennis in the Hamiltonian; a kinetic term allowing for hopping of particles between soles of the lattice and a potential term consisting of an on sites interaction. The particles can either be fermions or bosons.

The Hubbard model is a good approximate for particles in a periodic potential at sufficiently low temperature that all the particles are in the lowest Bloch band, as long as any long-range interactions between the particles can be ignored. If interaction between particles on different sites of the lattice are included, the model is often referred to as the extended Hubbard model .The model was originally proposed to describe electrons in solids and has since been the focus of particular interest as a model for high temperature super conductivity. Read more>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

GPS-Compatible Lorentz Transformation that Satisfies the Relativity Principle

The Lorentz transformation (LT) is the centerpiece of Einstein’s special theory of relativity (STR). It satisfies the two postulates of relativity: the relativity principle (RP) and the assumption of the constancy of the speed of light in free space (LSP). It was pointed out as early as 1898 by Lorentz that there is a degree of freedom in the definition of a space-time transformation that satisfies the LSP and/or leaves Maxwell’s equations invariant. He introduced a series of four equations that can be referred to as the General Lorentz transformation (GLT) in which a common normalization function appears on the right-hand side of each relation. 

It therefore follows that there are an infinite number of such transformations that satisfy the LSP. However, the RP puts another constraint on the definition of a fully relativistic space-time transformation. In addition, there is the obvious criterion that the equations must be in agreement with all relevant experimental data In the following it will be shown that, although the LT satisfies both of the relativity postulates, it fails to predict the results of a number of experiments that were carried out in the latter half of the 20th century. Read more>>>>>>>>>

LEO Spacecraft Charging and Discharging Induced by High Voltage Solar Arrays

Future space missions will require higher power system. To meet these requirements, either high current or high voltage systems can be used. The use of high current is undesirable for requirement of massive power distribution cables and higherresistive losses during the power transmission. Thus high voltage power generation and transmission at low currents provided by high voltage solar arrays (HVSA) is desirable. However, space crafts with HVSA tend to undergo severe spacecraft charging and discharging issues. Especially after the launch of International Space Station (ISS) such issues have attracted increasing concerns.

HVSA induced charging and discharging mainly includes two aspects: Firstly, the interaction of HVSA with space plasma causes the spacecraft to float at a high negative potential, which typically displays as normal charging events (NCEs) or rapid charging events (RCEs). Secondly, HVSA can generate discharges, mainly including primary arc (PA) and secondary arc (SA).

The HVSA induced spacecraft charging had been considered very severe during the early years of ISS operation. Read more>>>>>>>>>>>

XRD, TEM, EPR, IR and Nonlinear Optical Studies of Yellow Ochre

Earthy pigments varying from dull yellow to red and brown are commonly called ochres in painting. Ochres are defined  as clays used to make the earth colours. In pigment terminology, the word ‘ochre’ is predominantly used as a synonym for yellow ochre. Its colour is given by a presence of different iron oxy-hydroxides and oxides, mainly goethite and hematite. Yellow ochre is also termed as gold ochre. The brownish colour is due to the presence of manganese oxide present in the pigment. Generally the soil color assessment was made according to the “Munsel soil color chart”.

Yellow ochre is a commercial iron oxy-hydroxide which is represented as FeO (OH)x.H20. Since it is Fe3+ compound, the formula is better represented as FeOl+x(OH)l_2x.H20, x=0 to 0.5. Its formula is also written as . For pigment analysis XRD, IR, Raman and EPR are the useful techniques. The sample of yellow ochre obtained from Vempalli mandal, Cuddapah district, Andhra Pradesh, India is used in the present work. In the present investigation, its chemical analysis, XRD, TEM, EPR and FTIR techniques and non linear optics are used to know the composition, crystalline phase and site symmetry of Fe3+ in the mineral. Read more...............