On Axionic Dark Matter, Gravitonic Dark Energy, and Multiverse Cosmology in the Light of Non-Linear Electrodynamics

In 1972, Zeldovich proposed the methodology of the electron positron pair production which can be used to approach the Early Universe cosmology. In this paper, we first discuss this approach in relation to an upper bound of a minimum time length, which compared to certain recent graviton mass study, creates a productive cosmological scenario.

Namely, a non-zero graviton mass gives a non-trivial a minimum scale factor and for a temperature varying cosmological “constant” parameter leads to Quintessence. Afterwards, we first consider more representations of density, and then compare density in the case of certain strengths for the magnetic nonrotating universe. In other words, we involve the weak energy condition versus a more generalized point of view. Read more>>>>>>>>>>>>>>

LEO Spacecraft Charging and Discharging Induced by High Voltage Solar Arrays

Future space missions will require higher power system. To meet these requirements, either high current or high voltage systems can be used. The use of high current is undesirable for requirement of massive power distribution cables and higherresistive losses during the power transmission. Thus high voltage power generation and transmission at low currents provided by high voltage solar arrays (HVSA) is desirable. However, space crafts with HVSA tend to undergo severe spacecraft charging and discharging issues. Especially after the launch of International Space Station (ISS) such issues have attracted increasing concerns.

HVSA induced charging and discharging mainly includes two aspects: Firstly, the interaction of HVSA with space plasma causes the spacecraft to float at a high negative potential, which typically displays as normal charging events (NCEs) or rapid charging events (RCEs). Secondly, HVSA can generate discharges, mainly including primary arc (PA) and secondary arc (SA).

The HVSA induced spacecraft charging had been considered very severe during the early years of ISS operation. Read more>>>>>>>>>>>